Es precisamente la digitalización la que ha marcado la diferencia en un sector mayoritariamente conservador, que abriga en sus organizaciones cierta reserva de compartir información e interconectar servicios, no obstante, esa conectividad puede lograrse formando parte de las plataformas digitales globales, las cuales permiten optimizar procesos en la cadena de transporte marítimo, utilizando información actualizada, en una transmisión segura de datos en forma confiable, lo que permitirá constituir un sistema digitalizado de documentación comercial global.
Sin embargo, la protección de información y control de los datos sigue siendo una preocupación de las empresas del sector marítimo, los propietarios y operadores de buques enfrentan la creciente amenaza de los ciberataques, considerando que los sistemas de tecnologías de información están cada vez más conectados y las repercusiones en riesgos cibernéticos han crecido de una forma exponencial,
encontrándose esta amenaza ubicada en el cuarto lugar de riesgos mundiales en términos de probabilidad, según informe de Riesgos Global preparado por el Foro
Económico Mundial.
A la luz de las nuevas tendencias de digitalización y la utilización de las diferentes soluciones tecnológicas que la ciencia ha puesto al servicio de todos, con la llegada de la “Industria 4.0” se hacen necesarias habilidades digitales, lo que ha originado el surgimiento de nuevas necesidades laborales, especialmente el personal que hace vida en ese ecosistema marítimo, quienes constituyen la parte más importante por ser los protagonistas de la transformación digital en curso, quienes para alcanzar los niveles de competencia necesitan formarse, capacitarse y adaptarse a los cambios que produce el entorno digital, considerando que nuevas disrupciones tecnológicas más avanzadas se unirán en un futuro al ecosistema marítimo digital.
Ahora bien, aunque la industria marítima se ha caracterizado por ser tradicional, ha logrado avanzar en diferentes formas, impulsada ante una indetenible colaboración e intercambio de datos que al final tendrá que existir entre operadores, puertos e infraestructura. Esto se traduce en la necesidad que tienen los actores de confiar en ese ecosistema, sin que esto signifique desventaja competitiva alguna, ya que en la medida que se puedan integrar las operaciones y diferentes sistemas, sensores y procesos en un mismo sistema operativo global, el transporte marítimo podrá ser más eficiente y ambientalmente sostenible.
Desde esta perspectiva, es importante destacar que los diferentes actores que hacen posible el transporte marítimo están realizando cambios y, es precisamente esa colaboración digital, el diferenciador común en la transformación digital. Evidentemente comparto al igual que otros especialistas: “…el futuro de la industria marítima se encuentra marcado por la conectividad, interoperabilidad y la estandarización”.
En todo caso, manejar en forma inteligente los datos obtenidos utilizando las nuevas tecnologías para decidir las mejores prácticas en el ecosistema digital marítimo, es fundamental y los actores tendrán que adaptarse a las nuevas reglas del juego que se están entendiendo cada vez más, es por eso que las conexiones marítimas globales constituyen un avance significativo que permite integrar la cadena de transporte marítimo global y los servicios digitales para realizarse a un menor costo, en forma más rápida, segura y en el menor tiempo.
Digital Maritime Ecosystem
The use of digital technologies is changing the traditional business model that characterizes maritime transport, opening opportunities with new business ecosystems that generate value and opportunities. While it is true that, digital technologies produce changes in organizations by being in a global economy, it is no less true that, the maritime industry has been conservative and traditional par excellence, new emerging
actors have managed to rethink corporate strategies and change the business models The maritime transport is adapting to then new approaches technology, these changes will be more noticeable from the Experts 2020 of the World Economic Forum indicate that it is possible to drastically improve the efficiency of maritime transport, while progress is made on further improvements to safety and environmental
performance.
The advent of the fourth industrial revolution and the radical advances in communication and Internet connectivity have been decisive in the change that the maritime industry is going through, this being what stands out and differentiates from other previous industrial revolutions, in other words, that accelerated technological evolution marks the starting point in a very special sector such as maritime transport,
which is facing technological disruptions that now make it into a global digital business. However, specialists point out that standardization is what the true digital revolution can bring. Standardization of software, sensors and other operating systems adapted to the operations of ports and ships are using platforms digital allows integrating different services in global shipping networks, further boosting the concert
alliance strategic between global operators generating greater business opportunities.
The introduction of digitalization in the maritime industry and the effect of combining emerging technologies is one of the most important factors driving industrial evolution in the maritime sector. The world such as is seen now, it is different as it was in decades past and it is precisely this paradigm shift, which h a l allowed to change, impacting at the same time on the different commercial practices.
The digitization with operating some sectors of the maritime industry as well as, accelerating advances in communications and connectivity, achieved through the Internet, have certainly improved the efficiency of shipping producing substantial changes in the shipping business and different actors that interact in the maritime transport chain. The maritime ecosystem formed by different actors involved, find greater
opportunities within the infrastructure of global connectivity. In that sense, the need arises to improve more and more the collaboration and the exchange of data in that ecosystem, in order to provide to each, one of the participant information safe, updated and in real time.
Process large volumes of data through the use of emerging technologies such as Big Data or manage to store and protect with technology in the cloud with relevant company that are part of the digital innovations that are underway. The introduction of Artificial Intelligence in activities that were originally carried out by humans; intelligent machines that use algorithms to detect patterns, recognize anomalies and eventually make decisions that affect organizations, now constitute technological challenges that are at the service of the ecosystem actors.
The introduction of the blockchain has undoubtedly contributed to the simplification of the process of data transmission that is done manually, both the bill of lading and smart contracts can now use block chain. Through this technology, companies such as Maersk / IBM have created the TradeLens platform, to connect business partners among the members of that ecosystem, which are part of the transport supply chain, an initiative that is at the forefront of digital innovation, including carriers, freight agents, port authorities, shipping line operators, port and terminal operators, shipping companies, land transport and customs authorities, among others. The use of sensors is another technology that is being applied in operations port and the ship , allowing perform load monitoring and knowing the location on, allowing for any
eventuality of the ship ahead in decisions, however, the application of technology blockchain also helps to transmit so safe and important information using a cryptographic function formed by a string of uninterrupted and verifiable custody of transactions that are made for access to documents and data transport time real.
It is precisely digitization which has brand do the difference in a sector mayoritariamen you conservative , which shelters in their organizations a certain reserve of sharing information and networking services , however, that connectivity can be achieved as part of the silver digital forms global , which allow to optimize processes in the chain shipping using up-to-date information, in a reliable transmission of data in a reliable way, which will allow to constitute a digitalized system of global commercial documentation.
However, information protection and data control remain a concern of maritime companies, ship owners and operators face the growing threat of cyber- attacks, considering that information technology systems are increasingly connected and the impact on cyber risks have grown in a way exponential, meeting this located threat in the fourth of global risks in terms of probabilistic, according Global Risk Report,
prepared by the World Economic Forum.
In light of the new trends in digitalization and the use of the different technological solutions that science has put at the service of all , with the arrival of “Industry 4.0” digital skills are necessary , which has led to the emergence of new needs work, especially the staff that makes life in the marine ecosystem, who constitute the most important part being the protagonists digital transformation in progress, who to achieve the levels of competence need to be formed, trained and adapt to changes that it produces the digital environment, considering that new, more advanced technological disruptions will join the digital maritime ecosystem in the future .
However, although the maritime industry has been characterized do by being traditional, it has succeeded in advancing in different ways, driven to an unstoppable collaboration and data exchange that the end will exist between operators, ports and infrastructure. This translates into the need of the actors rely on this ecosystem, without implying competitive disadvantage some, and that to the extent that can integrate the operations and different systems, sensors and processes in a single global operating system, Maritime transport may be more efficient and environmentally sustainable.
From this perspective, it is important that the different actors that make possible shipping are making changes and it is precisely that digital collaboration, the common differentiator in the transformation digital. Obviously I share like other specialists: "... the future of the maritime industry is marked by connectivity, interoperability and standardization. & In any case, intelligently manage the data obtained using the new technologies to decide the best practices in the maritime digital ecosystem, it is essential and the actors will have to adapt to the new rules of the game that are being increasingly understood, it is why the connections maritime global is none forward significant that allows integrating the transport chain maritime overall and digital services to be performed at a lower cost, more quickly, safely and in the shortest time.
# Sea And Coast Magazine